Review on CO Emission Reduction in Sintering Flue Gas Circulation
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53469/wjimt.2026.09(04).07Keywords:
Iron ore sintering, Flue gas recirculation, CO emission reduction, Green and low-carbonAbstract
Achieving ultra-low CO emissions in flue gas has become a critical challenge in sintering processes. Flue gas recirculation serves as a key technological solution that aligns with green and low-carbon transition goals while effectively reducing pollutant emissions. The source of CO in flue gas during iron ore sintering and the emission characteristics of flue gas CO during dynamic migration of sintering states were analyzed, the processes and energy-saving emission reduction characteristics of circulating sintering both domestically and internationally have been systematically reviewed, and the emission reduction mechanism of flue gas recirculation sintering in reducing CO emissions and the impact of recirculated flue gas characteristics on CO reduction were extensively discussed in this paper. These studies provide theoretical support for assisting the realization of precision flue gas recirculation sintering CO reduction process
References
Fernández-González D, Ruiz-Bustinza I, Mochón J, et al. Iron ore sintering: Process [J]. Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy Review, 2017, 38(4): 215-227.
Zhang X, Jiang X, Wang Xuebin, et al. Experimental study on the effect of K2O on sinter strength [J]. Steel, 2020,55(08):49-55.
Liu D H, Liu T, Meng C. Current Status and Emission Reduction Analysis of CO Control in Sintering Flue Gas [J]. Metallurgical Energy, 2024,43(01):8-13.
Zhong T L, Wang Y J, She X F, et al. Fuel combustion characteristics and their impact on CO emissions in sintering flue gas [J]. Sintering and Pelletizing, 2024,49(03):97-105+113.
Wang Z C, Liu C, Li J G, et al. Mechanism of COx formation and emission reduction measures in sintering flue gas [J]. Sintering and Pelletizing, 2021,46(01):14-22.
Liu W Q, Cheng Y, Li J, et al. Effect of coke powder particle size on CO emissions in sintering flue gas [J]. Journal of Iron and Steel Research, 2020,32(07):633-638.
Zhao X F, Qi X W, Cheng Y, et al. Analysis of flue gas emission patterns during iron ore sintering process [J]. Journal of Iron and Steel Research, 2022,34(08):758-767.
Hu J L, Zhou H Y, Liu Q, et al. Mechanism of CO generation and key technologies for emission reduction in iron ore sintering process [J/OL]. China Metallurgy, 1-10 [2025-03-06].
Liao J Y, Zheng H X, Gan M, et al. Generation and control approaches of CO in sintering flue gas: Source and process control technologies [J]. Sintering and Pelletizing, 2021,46(02):8-16.
Liu B, Tang Z Y, Gao J, et al. Study on Gas Phase Oxidation of CO in Flue Gas Catalyzed by Water Vapor [J]. Acta Process Engineering, 2024,12(12):1435-1441.
Dai M B, Liu KJ, Long F, et al. Study on Gas Phase Oxidation Behavior of Low-CO Content During Iron Ore Sintering Process [J]. Sintering and Pelletizing, 2024,49(06):87-95.
Liu Z H, Zhou H, Zhou M X, et al. Effect of coke powder particle size on combustion zone distribution in sintering bed [J]. Journal of Zhejiang University (Engineering Edition), 2016,50(04):691-697+791.
Wang F, Zhang J, Qie J M, et al. Emission patterns and analysis of flue gas in sintering machine bellows [J]. Steel, 2019,54(06):96-102+120.
Yang Q, Li Jie, Cheng Y, et al. Effect of material surface perforation on CO emissions from sintering flue gas [J]. Hebei Metallurgy, 2022, (10):9-14.
Wu H L, Luo Y F, Zhou J H, et al. Effect of oxygen-enriched synergistic flue gas recirculation on sinter quality indicators and CO emissions [J]. Journal of Central South University (Natural Sciences Edition), 2022,53(04):1179-1188.
Cheng Y, Li J, Yang A M, et al. Experimental behavior of additives in reducing CO content in sintering flue gas [J]. China Metallurgy, 2020,30(12):99-104.
Chen Y, Liu C, Wang Z C, et al. Optimization process and technology for CO process control based on flue gas recirculation sintering [J]. Sintering & Pelletizing, 2024,49(06):129-136.
Li H Y, Wang H, Jin B S. A Brief Discussion on the Development Status and Trends of Flue Gas Circulation Sintering Technology [J]. Sintering and Pelletizing, 2018,43(01):61-65.
Wang G. Numerical simulation of heat and mass transfer process in exhaust gas recirculation sintering and its application [D]. University of Science and Technology Beijing, 2017.
Yu H, Wang H F, Zhang C X. Analysis of advantages and disadvantages of iron ore sintering flue gas recirculation process [J]. Sintering and Pelletizing, 2014,39(01):51-55.
Ni W J, Li H F, Zou Z S. Development and Application of Static Model for Flue Gas Circulation Sintering Process in Iron Ore [J]. Journal of Materials and Metallurgy, 2018,17(01):6-14.
Li C, Liu G, Qin S, Zhu T, Song J, Xu W. Emission reduction of PCDD/Fs by flue gas recirculation and activated carbon in the iron ore sintering [J]. Environmental Pollution. 2023 Jun 15;327:121520.
Gan M, Fan X H, Yu Z Y, et al. A laboratory-based investigation into the catalytic reduction of NO x in iron ore sintering with flue gas recirculation [J]. Ironmaking ＆ Steelmaking, 2016, 43(6): 442-449．
Li C, Han Q, Zhu T, et al. Ｒadical-dominated reaction of CO-NO on a CaFe2O4 surface in sintering flue gas recirculation [J]. ＲSC advances, 2020, 10( 39) : 23491-23497．
Zhao X F, Qi X W, Zhang Z Q, et al. Progress in NOx reduction from sintering flue gas [J]. Steel, 2022,57(11):175-189.
Liu C. Study on the Behavior of SO2/NOx/COx in Sintering Process with Iron Ore Flue Gas Circulation [D]. Central South University, 2013.
Zhang H, Rao M, Fan Z, Zhang Y, Li G, Jiang T. Effects of circulated flue gas components on iron ore sintering [J]. ISIJ international. 2012;52(12):2139-44.
Li W L, Liu C. Analysis of Flue Gas Circulation and Cascade Oxygen-enriched Coupled Sintering Technology [J]. Sintering and Pelletizing, 2022,47(04):99-105.
Fan X H, Yu Z Y, Gan M, et al. Combustion behavior and influence mechanism of CO on iron ore sintering with flue gas recirculation [J]. Journal of Central South University, 2014, 21: 2391-2396.
Chen X L, Fan X H, Gan M, Huang Y S, Yu Z Y. Sintering behaviours of iron ore with flue gas circulation [J]. Ironmaking & Steelmaking. 2018 May;45(5):434-40.
Pan W, Jiao G W, Gao X Z, et al. Research on Rational Circulating Sintering Area Control for Flue Gas Recycling in Large Sintering Flue [J]. Sintering and Pelletizing, 2016,41(04):49-53.
Yu H. Synergistic optimization of SO2 and NOx process control and energy conservation and emission reduction in iron ore sintering flue gas recirculation [D]. Northeastern University, 2016.