New Fusion: The Spatial Experience Reconfiguration of Art, Architecture, and Artificial Intelligence in the 21st Century

Abstract

Since the 21st century, the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI), digital technologies, and spatial computing has profoundly reconfigured the traditional relationship between art and architecture. This paper focuses on the AI-driven "new fusion" paradigm, exploring how it has evolved from superficial formal borrowing to deep algorithmic symbiosis, fundamentally reconfiguring human spatial experience. Through a combination of theoretical analysis and representative case studies (e.g., Refik Anadol, teamLab, and AI-assisted architectural design), the study reveals how AI, as a novel creative medium (where data is the pigment and algorithms are the brush), is revolutionizing the art world, and its empowering role throughout the architectural lifecycle—from intelligent form generation and performance optimization to sustainable construction. Furthermore, the paper extends its scope to the urban scale, analyzing how public art integrates with city-wide data networks through AI and examining the impact of technologies like digital twins and the metaverse on immersive ecosystems. Finally, the paper critically reflects on key issues including human-AI collaboration models, algorithmic bias, copyright ethics, and data privacy. The research concludes that AI is not a replacement for creators but a catalyst for a new symbiotic relationship centered on humanity, mediated by data, and embodied in space, ultimately aiming to create future environments that are more interactive, personalized, and human-centric.