Precision-Engineered Nanocarriers for Targeted Treatment of Liver Fibrosis and Vascular Disorders
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53469/wjimt.2025.08(01).07Keywords:
Targeted drug delivery, Vitamin A-modified micelles, Biomimetic nanoclusters, Liver fibrosis therapy, Vascular disorderAbstract
Effective treatments for chronic diseases like liver fibrosis and vascular disorders remain challenging due to difficulties in achieving targeted drug delivery and consistent results. In this study, we developed and tested vitamin A-modified micelles and biomimetic nanoclusters as potential tools for targeted treatment. These nanocarriers were carefully studied, showing uniform size (125.4 ± 5.2 nm for micelles and 84.7 ± 3.8 nm for nanoclusters), high drug loading efficiency (>90%), and sustained release, making them suitable for therapeutic use. In vitro tests showed that the nanocarriers were effectively taken up by cells and significantly affected hepatic stellate cells and vascular smooth muscle cells. In animal studies, nanoclusters performed better than micelles in two models: a carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis model and a porcine pancreatic elastase-induced abdominal aortic aneurysm model. The nanoclusters achieved a fibrosis reduction of 78.4% and decreased aortic dilation by 45.6%, demonstrating strong therapeutic effects. Further analysis revealed clear links between drug concentration, cell uptake, and therapeutic results. Time-based tests showed that the nanoclusters maintained a steady therapeutic effect of 85% ± 3% over 72 hours. The study highlights the importance of well-designed nanocarriers in improving treatment outcomes for complex diseases. Vitamin A-modified micelles and biomimetic nanoclusters show great potential for targeted and long-lasting drug delivery. Future work will focus on large-scale production, ensuring safety, and adding imaging methods to support their use in precision medicine.
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