Reasons for the Formation of the Consciousness of Literati and Seal Engravers in the Late Qing Dynasty from the Perspective of Epigraphy

Abstract

The formation of the legal consciousness of literati seal engravers in the late Qing Dynasty can be attributed to various factors, one of which is the inheritance of ancient culture. Seal engravers have deep education in literatures, art, philosophy and other ancient periods such as the pre-Qin and -Han dynasties. Therefore, the appreciation and studies on ancient seal engravings have led them to form a legal consciousness. At the same time, they also highly admire classic calligraphy and painting, with the seal carving works in previous calligraphy and painting works highly respected. Scholars and seal carvers improve their artistic level by learning and imitating the works of previous seal carvers, drawing on ancient aesthetic standards and techniques in their creations. They pursue independent literary and artistic creations, emphasizing individual expressions, while also having a profound understanding and respect for traditional culture. Under the guidance of this ideology, adopting the teaching of ancient people has become a way to express one's own personalities. The method has become a way for literati to express their personalities and seek their self-identity. By imitating and innovating from their predecessors, they seek spiritual comfort and stability in turbulent times.