The "Discriminations between the Barbarians and the Huaxia" in the Xinhai Revolution: From Wang Fuzhi to Zhang Taiyan

Abstract

During the Xinhai Revolution, Wang Fuzhi's idea of "differentiation between the barbarians and the Huaxia" was inherited by Zhang Taiyan and other revolutionaries as an important theoretical weapon of the revolution. Zhang Taiyan inherited Wang Fuzhi's ideas of "the difference between the barbarians and the Huaxia", "the defence of the barbarians and the Huaxia" and "the barbarians and the Huaxia are all in their own category", criticized the Manchurian government's incapability to resist foreign invasion, and advocated the anti-Qing and anti-Manchurian policies to restore the rule of the Han Chinese. He criticised the inability of the Manchu government to resist foreign invasion, advocated anti-Qing and anti-Manchu, and restored the rule of the Han Chinese; and on the basis of Wang Fuzhi's theory of "all boundaries are of their own kind", he absorbed the Western theory of evolution to improve it, and analysed the differences among various nationalities from a historical perspective, downplayed the previous concept of dividing the "barbarians and the summers" into the cultures of their own merits and inferiority and advocated equality of the nationalities, It is a manifestation of the spirit of the times and a reflection of the progress of the times.